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Acetic Anhydride-Sulfuric Acid TS A mixture of 9 volumes of acetic anhydride and 1 volume of sulfuric acid.

Ammonia TS It contains 9.5 to 10.5 per cent w/w of NH₃. Prepare by diluting 400 mL of strong ammonia solution with water to make 1000 mL.

Store at a temperature not exceeding 20°.

Ammonium Molybdate TS A 10.0 per cent w/v solution of ammonium molybdate.

Anisaldehyde TS Mix, in order, 0.5 mL of anisaldehyde, 10 mL of glacial acetic acid, 85 mL of methanol, and 5 mL of sulfuric acid.

Basic Lead Acetate TS Triturate 14 g of lead monoxide with 10 mL of water, add 10 mL of water and transfer into a 100-mL volumetric flask. Add 22 g of, lead acetate dissolved in 70 mL of water, shake vigorously for 5 minutes, set aside for one week, filter,and add sufficient cold boiled water to make 100 mL.

Boric Acid-Methanol TS Dissolve 3 g of boric acid in 100 mL of methanol and 0.5 mL of diluted hydrochloric acid (1 in 4).

Chromotropic Acid TS Dissolve 5 mg of chromotropic acid sodium salt in 10 mL of a mixture of
9 mL of sulfuric acid and 4 mL of water.

Dinitrophenylhydrazine TS1 Dissolve 100 mg of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in 100 mL of methanol, add 1.0 mL of hydrochloric acid and mix.

Dragendorff TS,Modified Dissolve 1.7 g of bismuth oxynitrate in a mixture of 80 mL of water and 20 mL of glacial acetic acid, warming if necessary. Cool, add 100 mL of a 50 per cent w/v solution of potassium iodide, and mix. Refrigerate this stock solution for prolonged storage. For use, dilute 10 mL of this stock solution with water to 100 mL, add 10 mL of glacial acetic acid, and mix. Then add 120 mg of iodine and shake until the iodine has completely dissolved.

Store refrigerated and discard after 2 weeks.

Dragendroff TS1, Modified Dissolve 0.4 g of bismuth oxynitrate in 10 mL of hydrochloric acid. Add this solution to 50 mL of a 10 per cent w/v solution of potassium iodide, mix and dilute to 100 mL with water.

Dragendroff TS2, Modified
Solution A: Dissolve 0.85 g of bismuth oxynitrate in a mixture of 40 mL of water and 10 mL of acetic acid.
Solution B: Dissolve 8 g of potassium iodide in 20 mL of water.
Mix 5 mL each of solution A and solution B with 20 mL of glacial acetic acid and add sufficient water to make 100 mL.

Fast Blue B Salt TS Dissolve 50 mg of fast blue B salt in 10 mL of water.
Prepare freshly before use

Hydrogen Peroxide TS (100 volumes) (Strong Hydrogen Peroxide Solution) Use Hydrogen Peroxide Solution, Strong (see under “Reagents”).

Hydrogen Peroxide TS (20 volumes) Use analytical reagent grade of commerce containing about 6 per cent w/v H₂O₂ or dilute 1 volume of strong hydrogen peroxide solution with 4 volumes of water.

Hydrogen Peroxide TS (10 volumes) (Dilute Hydrogen Peroxide Solution) Dilute hydrogen peroxide TS (20 volumes) with an equal volume of water.

Iodoplatinate TS To 3 mL of a 10 per cent w/v solution of chloroplatinic(IV) acid add 97 mL of water and 100 mL of a 6 per cent w/v solution of potassium iodide.

Store in amber glass containers.

Iron(III) Chloride TS Dissolve 9 g of iron(III) chloride in water to make 100 mL.

Iron(II) Sulfate TS Dissolve 0.45 g of iron(II) sulfate in 50 mL of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and dilute to 100 mL with carbon dioxide-free water.

Prepare immediately before use.

Mercuric-Potassium Iodide TS (Mayer’s Reagent) Dissolve 1.358 g of mercury(II) chloride in 60 mL of water. Dissolve 5 g of potassium iodide in 10 mL of water. Mix the two solutions, and dilute with water to 100 mL.

Natural Products (NP) TS Dissolve 1 g of diphenylboric acid-2-aminoethyl ester in sufficient methanol to make 100 mL.

Ninhydrin TS (Triketohydrindene Hydrate TS) Dissolve 200 mg of ninhydrin in water to make 10 mL.

Ninhydrin TS, Ethanolic Dissolve 1.0 g of ninhydrin in 50 mL of ethanol and add 10 mL of glacial acetic acid.

Phloroglucinol TS Dissolve 500 mg of phloroglucinol in 25 mL of ethanol.

Store in tight containers, protected from light.

Phosphomolybdic Acid TS To 40 mL of a 10 per cent w/v solution of phosphomolybdic acid add, cautiously and with cooling, 60 mL of sulfuric acid.

Prepare immediately before use.

Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) TS Dissolve 5 g of polyethylene glycol 4000 in sufficient ethanol to make 100 mL.

Potassium Cupri-tartrate TS (Fehling’s Solution)

No.1. Dissolve 34.6 g of copper(II) sulfate in a mixture of 0.50 mL of sulfuric acid and sufficient water to produce 500 mL.

No.2. Dissolve 176 g of potassium sodium tartrate and 77 g of sodium hydroxide in sufficient water to produce 500 mL.

Mix equal volumes of solutions No.1 and No.2 immediately before use.

Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(III) TS Wash about 1 g of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), in crystals, with a little water, and dissolve the washed crystals in 100 mL of water. Gives a blue colour with solutions of iron(II) salts.

Potassium Hydroxide TS, Ethanolic Dissolve 3 g of potassium hydroxide in 5 mL of water and dilute to 100 mL with aldehyde-free ethanol, allow to stand for 1 hour, and decant the clear solution.

Prepare freshly before use.

Potassium Iodide and Starch Solution Dissolve 750 mg of potassium iodide in 100 mL of water, heat to boiling and add, while stirring, a solution of 500 mg of soluble starch in 35 mL of water. Boil for 2 minutes and allow to cool.

SENSITIVITY TO IODIDE To 15 mL of the solution add 0.05 mL of glacial acetic acid and 0.30 mL of 0.00050 M iodine. A blue colour is produced.

Prepare freshly before use.

Potassium Iodobismuthate TS Dissolve 10 g of tartaric acid in 40 mL of water and add 850 mg of bismuth oxynitrate. Shake during 1 hour, add 20 mL of a 40 per cent w/v solution of potassium iodide, and shake well. Allow to stand for 24 hours and filter

Store protected from light.

Potassium Iodobismuthate TS, Acetic Dissolve 8 g of potassium iodide in 20 mL of water and add the solution to a mixture of 850 mg of bismuth oxynitrate, 40 mL of water and 10 mL of glacial acetic acid.

Potassium Iodobismuthate TS, Dilute Dissolve 10 g of tartaric acid in 50 mL of water and add 5 mL of potassium iodobismuthate TS.

Potassium Iodoplatinate TS Add 50 mL of a 5 per cent w/v solution of chloroplatinic(IV) acid to 45 mL of potassium iodide TS and dilute to 100 mL with water.

Store in amber glass containers.

Ruthenium Red TS Dissolve 8 mg of ruthenium red in 10 mL of lead acetate TS.

Prepare freshly before use.

Sodium Hydrogencarbonate TS Dissolve 5.0 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate in water to make 100 mL.

Sodium Hydroxide TS Dissolve 4.0 g of sodium hydroxide in water to make 100 mL.

Vanillin-Hydrochloric Acid TS Dissolve 10 mg of vanillin in 1 mL of ethanol, and then add 1 mL of water and 6 mL of hydrochloric acid.

Prepare freshly before use.

Vanillin-Sulfuric Acid TS Dissolve 3 g of vanillin in 100 mL of absolute ethanol, add 0.5 mL of sulfuric acid and mix.

Vanillin-Sulfuric Acid TS1 Dissolve 1 g of vanillin in 100 mL of ethanol, add 2 mL of sulfuric acid dropwise and mix.

Vanillin-Sulfuric Acid TS2 Dissolve 1 g of vanillin in 100 mL of sulfuric acid.

Vanilla-Sulfuric Acid TS3 Mix equal volumes of a 1 per cent w/v solution of vanillin in absolute ethanol and a 5 per cent v/v solution of sulfuric acid in absolute ethanol