ขันทองพยาบาท (KHAN THONG PHAYABAT) -

ตำรามาตรฐานยาสมุนไพรไทย

Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia

สำนักยาและวัตถุเสพติด กรมวิทยาศาสตร์การแพทย์ กระทรวงสาธารณสุข

Bureau of Drug and Narcotic, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health

ขันทองพยาบาท (KHAN THONG PHAYABAT)

Suregadae Multiflorae Radix
False Lime Root
Category Anti-pruritic (topical), anti-allergic (topical).

ดูกไส (DUK SAI), ยางปลวก (YANG PLUAK)
Suregadae Multiflorae Radix
False Lime Root
False Lime Root is the dried root of Suregada multiflora (A. Juss.) Baill. (Gelonium
multiflorum A. Juss.) (Family Euphorbiaceae), Herbarium Specimen Number: DMSC
5339, Crude Drug Number: DMSc 1238.
Constituents False lime Root contains diterpene lactones.
Description of the plant (Fig. 1) Shrub or tree, 2 to 15 m tall, dioecious, branched, glabrous.
Leaves simple, alternate, elliptic, elliptic-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 9 to 15 cm long, 3 to
7 cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, margin entire, slightly wavy, blade with scattered oil
glands, secondary veins 5 to 7 pairs; petiole short; stipule minute, caducous. Inflorescence
axillary, fasciculated; peduncle 0.3 to 1 cm long. Flower greenish, pedicel about 5 mm long.
Male flowers 5 to 10; sepals 5, round to obovate, 3 to 4 mm long, 2.5 to 3.5 mm wide; stamen
numerous; receptacle with numerous small disc glands among the filaments unequal;
pistillode minute. Female flower: sepals 5, longer than male flower; disc with papery
margin, concave, sometimes with minute staminodes; ovary superior, 3-loculed; stigmas 3,
shortly bifid, spreading. Fruit a capsule, globose, about 3 cm in diameter, 3-lobed, fleshy,
subglabrous, base shallowly concave. Seeds 3; aril creamy white.
Description Odour, characteristic; taste bland.
Macroscopical (Fig. 1) Irregularly cut or sliced, various sizes, shapes, and thickness; cut
surface smooth, light yellow, annual rings maybe seen in some pieces. Cork may be attached
in some pieces.
Microscopical (Figs. 2a, 2b) Transverse section of the root shows periderm and vascular
tissue. Periderm: lenticels, several layers of rectangular cork cells. Vascular tissue: phloem,
comprising sclereids, fibres, parenchyma, some containing rosette aggregate or prismatic
crystals and/or starch grains, and phloem ray; xylem, comprising parenchyma, some
containing starch grains, fibres, vessels, xylem ray, and prismatic crystals.
False Lime Root in powder possesses the diagnostic microscopical characters of the
unground drug. Xylem ray with prismatic crystals and starch grains can be found in
abundance. Large bordered-pitted vessels can also be seen.
Packaging and storage False Lime Root shall be kept in well-closed containers, protected
from light, and stored in a dry place.
Identification
A. Sonicate 500 mg of the sample, in powder, with 10 mL of ethanol for 30 minutes and
filter. To 2 mL of the filtrate, add a few drops of a 1 per cent w/v solution of iron(III) chloride
and shake well: a blue-green colour develops.
B. Carry out the test as described in the “Thin-Layer Chromatography” (Appendix 3.1),
using silica gel F254 as the coating substance and a mixture of 60 volumes of toluene,
35 volumes of ethyl acetate, and 5 volumes of formic acid as the mobile phase and allowing the solvent front to ascend 8 cm above the line of application. Apply to the plate as a band of
6 mm, 1 μL of the test solution prepared by sonicating 3 g of the sample, in No. 250 powder,
with 60 mL of ethanol for 30 minutes and filtering. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness under
reduced pressure at 50°. Dissolve the residue in 2 mL of ethanol. After removal of the plate,
allow it to dry in air and examine under ultraviolet light (254 nm), marking the quenching
bands. Spray the plate with anisaldehyde TS and heat at 105° for 10 minutes; seven violet
bands are observed (Fig. 3).

ตำรามาตรฐานยาสมุนไพรไทย

Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia

สารบัญ